Effectiveness of slow deep breathing and virtual reality intervention on reducing preoperative anxiety

I Gusti Agung Tresna Wicaksana; I Putu Arika Nusa Harta; Ni Putu Kamaryati; I Nyoman Arya Maha Putra

Authors

I Gusti Agung Tresna Wicaksana ITEKES Bali, Indonesia Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1578-9898
I Putu Arika Nusa Harta ITEKES Bali, Indonesia Author https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9910-5919
Ni Putu Kamaryati ITEKES Bali, Indonesia Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3882-0683
I Nyoman Arya Maha Putra ITEKES Bali, Indonesia Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7135-4859

Keywords:

preoperative, anxiety, virtual reality therapy, slow deep breathing, non-pharmacological

Abstract

Preoperative anxiety is a typical psychological response that may negatively affect surgical outcomes and patient recovery. Non-pharmacological interventions are increasingly used to complement standard care and reduce anxiety levels. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a combined slow deep breathing and virtual reality intervention in reducing preoperative anxiety. A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group was employed, involving 92 surgical patients at a central operating installation. Participants were divided into an intervention group that received the combined therapy and a control group that received standard care. Pre- and post-intervention anxiety levels were assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test to compare anxiety scores within and between groups. The findings demonstrated a significant reduction in anxiety in the intervention group and a marked difference compared to the control group. These results highlight the potential of combining slow deep breathing and virtual reality as a practical, low-risk approach to managing preoperative anxiety in clinical practice, supporting the integration of non-pharmacological therapies in perioperative nursing care.

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References

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